Diagnostic Assessment of Asperger’s Disorder: A Review of Five Third- Party Rating Scales. Five rating scales for screening and detection of Asperger’s Disorder, three commercially available and two research instruments, are evaluated with reference to psychometric criteria outlined by Bracken in 1. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 4, 3. Reliability and validity data reported in examiner’s manuals or published reports are reviewed. The scales included in the review are the Asperger Syndrome Diagnostic Scale (ASDS), Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test (CAST), Gilliam Asperger’s Disorder Scale (GADS), and Krug Asperger’s Disorder Index (KADI). All published rating scales demonstrated significant weaknesses, particularly in the use of questionable normative samples. Among the published instruments, the KADI appears to be the most sound in terms of reliability and validity. The research instruments present incomplete psychometric data to date, but hold promise as clinical instruments. ![]() Asperger syndrome - Wikipedia. Asperger syndrome. Synonyms. Asperger's syndrome, Asperger disorder (AD), Asperger's. Restricted interests or repetitive behaviors, such as this boy's interest in playing with a toy model of molecules, may be features of Asperger's. Specialty. Psychiatry. Symptoms. Problems with social interactions, restricted and repetitive behavior[1]Usual onset. Before two years old[1]Duration. Long term[1]Causes.Unknown[1]Treatment.Social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training[2]Frequency.Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a developmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests.[1] As a milder autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it differs from other ASDs by relatively normal language and intelligence.[4] Although not required for diagnosis, physical clumsiness and unusual use of language are common.[5][6] Signs usually begin before two years old and typically last for a person's entire life.[1]The exact cause of Asperger's is unknown.[1] While it is probably partly inherited, the underlying genetics have not been determined conclusively.[5][7] Environmental factors are also believed to play a role.[1]Brain imaging has not identified a common underlying problem.[5] The diagnosis of Asperger's was removed in the 2. Coach Driver Jobs In Cyprus Airport . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM- 5), and people with these symptoms are now included within the autism spectrum disorder along with autism and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified.[1][8] It remains within the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD- 1. There is no single treatment, and the effectiveness of particular interventions is supported by only limited data.[5] Treatment is aimed at improving poor communication skills, obsessive or repetitive routines, and physical clumsiness.[2] Interventions may include social skills training, cognitive behavioral therapy, physical therapy, speech therapy, parent training, and medications for associated problems such as mood or anxiety.[2] Most children improve as they grow up, but social and communication difficulties usually persist.[9] Some researchers and people on the autism spectrum have advocated a shift in attitudes toward the view that autism spectrum disorder is a difference, rather than a disease that must be treated or cured.[1. In 2. 01. 5, Asperger's was estimated to affect 3. The syndrome is named after the Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger who, in 1. ![]() ![]() The modern conception of Asperger syndrome came into existence in 1. It became a standardized diagnosis in the early 1. Many questions and controversies remain about aspects of the disorder.[9] There is doubt about whether it is distinct from high- functioning autism (HFA).[1. Partly because of this, the percentage of people affected is not firmly established.[5]Classification. Autism spectrum disorder video. The extent of the overlap between AS and high- functioning autism (HFA—autism unaccompanied by intellectual disability) is unclear.[1. The ASD classification is to some extent an artifact of how autism was discovered,[2. Asperger syndrome as a valid diagnosis from the outset.[2. In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM- 5), published in May 2. AS, as a separate diagnosis, was eliminated and folded into autism spectrum disorder.[2. Like the diagnosis of Asperger syndrome,[2. AS was not removed from the WHO's ICD- 1. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines Asperger syndrome (AS) as one of the autism spectrum disorders (ASD) or pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), which are a spectrum of psychological conditions that are characterized by abnormalities of social interaction and communication that pervade the individual's functioning, and by restricted and repetitive interests and behavior. Like other psychological development disorders, ASD begins in infancy or childhood, has a steady course without remission or relapse, and has impairments that result from maturation- related changes in various systems of the brain.[2. ASD, in turn, is a subset of the broader autism phenotype, which describes individuals who may not have ASD but do have autistic- like traits, such as social deficits.[2. . Camera Not Found Windows 10 '>Camera Not Found Windows 10 .Of the other four ASD forms, autism is the most similar to AS in signs and likely causes, but its diagnosis requires impaired communication and allows delay in cognitive development; Rett syndrome and childhood disintegrative disorder share several signs with autism but may have unrelated causes; and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD- NOS) is diagnosed when the criteria for a more specific disorder are unmet.[3.Characteristics. Asperger syndrome (AS), also known as Asperger's, is a developmental disorder characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal. Comparison of Scores on the Checklist for Autism Spectrum Disorder, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and Gilliam Asperger’s Disorder Scale for Children with Low. Intense preoccupation with a narrow subject, one- sided verbosity, restricted prosody, and physical clumsiness are typical of the condition, but are not required for diagnosis.[1. Suicidal behavior appears to occur at rates similar to those without ASD.[3. Social interaction. A lack of demonstrated empathy affects aspects of communal living for persons with Asperger syndrome.[6] Individuals with AS experience difficulties in basic elements of social interaction, which may include a failure to develop friendships or to seek shared enjoyments or achievements with others (for example, showing others objects of interest), a lack of social or emotional reciprocity (social "games" give- and- take mechanic), and impaired nonverbal behaviors in areas such as eye contact, facial expression, posture, and gesture.[5]People with AS may not be as withdrawn around others, compared with those with other, more debilitating forms of autism; they approach others, even if awkwardly. The Center for Autism and Related Disorders (CARD) is one of the world's largest organizations using applied behavior analysis (ABA) in the treatment of autism. Five rating scales for screening and detection of Asperger’s Disorder, three commercially available and two research instruments, are evaluated with reference to. For example, a person with AS may engage in a one- sided, long- winded speech about a favorite topic, while misunderstanding or not recognizing the listener's feelings or reactions, such as a wish to change the topic of talk or end the interaction.[1. This social awkwardness has been called "active but odd".[5] This failure to react appropriately to social interaction may appear as disregard for other people's feelings, and may come across as insensitive.[1. However, not all individuals with AS will approach others. Some of them may even display selective mutism, speaking not at all to most people and excessively to specific people. Some may choose only to talk to people they like.[3. The cognitive ability of children with AS often allows them to articulate social norms in a laboratory context,[5] where they may be able to show a theoretical understanding of other people's emotions; however, they typically have difficulty acting on this knowledge in fluid, real- life situations.[1. People with AS may analyze and distill their observations of social interaction into rigid behavioral guidelines, and apply these rules in awkward ways, such as forced eye contact, resulting in a demeanor that appears rigid or socially naive. Childhood desire for companionship can become numbed through a history of failed social encounters.[5]Violent or criminal behavior. The hypothesis that individuals with AS are predisposed to violent or criminal behavior has been investigated, but is not supported by data.[5][3. More evidence suggests that children diagnosed with Asperger syndrome are victims rather than offenders. A 2. 00. 8 review found that an overwhelming number of reported violent criminals with Asperger syndrome had also other coexisting psychotic psychiatric disorders such as schizoaffective disorder .. Restricted and repetitive interests and behavior. People with Asperger syndrome can display behavior, interests, and activities that are restricted and repetitive and are sometimes abnormally intense or focused.
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